ADULTERANT INTERPRETATION
Adulteration is the tampering of a urine specimen with the intention of altering the test results. The use of adulterants can cause false negative results in drug tests by either interfering with the screening test and/or destroying the drugs present in the urine. Dilution may also be employed in an attempt to produce false negative drug test results.
One of the best ways to test for adulteration or dilution is to determine certain urinary characteristics such as pH and specific gravity and to detect the presence of oxidants/PCC, specific gravity, pH
pH: Tests for the presence of acidic and alkaline adulterants. Normal urine pH ranges from 4.0 to 9.0.
Values below pH 4.0 or above pH 9.0 are indicative of adulteration.
Creatinine: is a waste product of creatine; an amino-acid contained in muscle tissue and found in urine. A person may attempt to foil a test by drinking excessive amounts of water or diuretics such as herbal teas to flush the system. Creatinine and specific gravity are two ways to check for dilution and flushing, which are the most common mechanisms used in an attempt to circumvent drug testing. Low Creatinine and specific gravity levels may indicate dilute urine. The absence of Creatinine (<5 mg/dl) is indicative of a specimen not consistent with human urine
Oxidants: Tests for the presence of oxidants, such as bleach and peroxide, in the urine. Oxidants, when
present in the urine, will produce a blue or green color
The 12 panel iCup is a rapid urine screening test that can be performed without the use of an
instrument. The test utilizes monoclonal antibodies to selectively detect elevated levels of specific drugs in urine.
The 12 panel iCup is a lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative
detection of multiple drugs and drug metabolites in urine at the following cut-off concentrations:
| Test |
Calibrator |
Cut-off |
| Cocaine (COC) |
Cocaine |
300 ng/mL |
| Amphetamine (AMP) |
d-Amphetamine |
1000 ng/mL |
| Opiate ( OPI 2000) |
Morphine |
2000 ng/mL |
| Marijuana (THC) |
11-nor-Delta9-THC-9 COOH |
50 ng/mL |
| Methamphetamine (mAMP) |
d-Methamphetamine |
1000 ng/mL |
| Oxycodone (OXY) |
Oxycodone |
100 ng/mL |
| Methadone (MTD) |
Methadone |
300 ng/mL |
| Barbiturates (BAR) |
Secobarbital |
300 ng/mL |
| Benzodiazepines (BZO) |
Oxazepam |
300 ng/mL |
| Propoxyphene (PPX) |
Propoxyphenev |
300 ng/mL |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) |
Phencyclidine |
25 ng/mL |
| Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) |
Nortriptyline |
1000 ng/mL |
Analytical Specificity
The following table lists the concentrations of compounds (ng/mL) that are detected as positive in urine by
the Integrated E-Z Split Key Cup II at 5 minutes.
| COCAINE |
| Benzoylecgonine |
300 |
| Cocaine |
780 |
| Cocaethylene |
12500 |
| Ecgonine |
32000 |
| MARIJUANA |
| 11-nor-Delta9 -THC-9 COOH |
50 |
| Cannabinol |
20000 |
| 11-nor-Delta8-THC-9 COOH |
30 |
| Delta-THC |
15000 |
| Delta-THC |
15000 |
| AMPHETAMINE |
| d-Amphetamine |
300 |
| d,l-Amphetamine |
390 |
| l-Amphetamine |
50000 |
| 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) |
1560 |
| beta-Phenylethylamine |
100000 |
| OPIATE |
| Morphine |
2000 |
| Codeine |
2000 |
| Ethylmorphine |
5000 |
| Hydrocodone |
12500 |
| Hydromorphone |
5000 |
| Levorphanol |
75000 |
| 6-Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) |
5000 |
| Morphine 3-Betta-D-glucuronide |
2000 |
| Norcodeine |
12500 |
| Normorphine |
50000 |
| Oxycodone |
25000 |
| Oxymorphone |
25000 |
| Procaine |
150000 |
| Thebaine |
100000 |
| OXYCODONE |
| Oxycodone |
100 |
| Naloxone |
37500 |
| Hydrocodone |
6250 |
| Hydromorphone |
50000 |
| Oxymorphone |
200 |
| Levorphanol |
50000 |
| Naltrexone |
37500 |
| METHAMPHETAMINE |
| d-Methamphetamine |
1000 |
| p-Hydroxymethamphetamine |
30000 |
| l-Methamphetamine |
8000 |
| 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) |
2000 |
| Mephentermine |
50000 |
| BENZODIAZEPINES |
| Oxazepam |
300 |
| Alprazolam |
196 |
| Bromazepam |
1562 |
| Clobazam |
98 |
| Clonazepam |
781 |
| Clorazepate |
195 |
| Estazolam |
2500 |
| Nitrazepam |
98 |
| Norchlordiazepoxide |
195 |
| Nordiazepam |
390 |
| Temazepam |
98 |
| BARBITURATES |
| Secobarbital |
300 |
| Alphenol |
150 |
| Aprobarbital |
200 |
| Butabarbital |
75 |
| Butethal |
100 |
| PROPOXYPHENE |
| d-Propoxyphene |
300 |
| d-Norpropoxyphene |
300 |
| METHADONE |
| Methadone |
300 |
| Doxylamine |
50000 |
| PHENCYCLIDINE |
| Phencyclidine |
25 |
| 4-Hydroxyphencyclidine |
12500 |
| TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS |
| Nortriptyline |
1000 |
| Nordoxepin |
1000 |
| Clomipramine |
12500 |
| Doxepin |
2000 |
| Maprotiline |
2000 |
| Promethazine |
25000 |
| Imipramine |
400 |